Capivasertib, an AKT Kinase Inhibitor, as Monotherapy or in Combination with Fulvestrant in Patients with <i>AKT1</i> ^E17K-Mutant, ER-Positive Metastatic Breast Cancer.

Abstract

The activating mutation <i>AKT1</i> ^E17K occurs in approximately 7% of estrogen receptor-positive (ER⁺) metastatic breast cancer (MBC). We report, from a multipart, first-in-human, phase I study (NCT01226316), tolerability and activity of capivasertib, an oral AKT inhibitor, as monotherapy or combined with fulvestrant in expansion cohorts of patients with <i>AKT1</i> ^E17K-mutant ER⁺ MBC. Patients with an <i>AKT1</i> ^E17K mutation, detected by local (next-generation sequencing) or central (plasma-based BEAMing) testing, received capivasertib 480 mg twice daily, 4 days on, 3 days off, weekly or 400 mg twice daily combined with fulvestrant at the labeled dose. Study endpoints included safety, objective response rate (ORR; RECIST v1.1), progression-free survival (PFS), and clinical benefit rate at 24 weeks (CBR₂₄). Biomarker analyses were conducted in the combination cohort. From October 2013 to August 2018, 63 heavily pretreated patients received capivasertib (20 monotherapy, 43 combination). ORR was 20% with monotherapy, and within the combination cohort was 36% in fulvestrant-pretreated and 20% in fulvestrant-naïve patients, although the latter group may have had more aggressive disease at baseline. <i>AKT1</i> ^E17K mutations were detectable in plasma by BEAMing (95%, 41/43), droplet digital PCR (80%, 33/41), and next-generation sequencing (76%, 31/41). A ≥50% decrease in <i>AKT1</i> ^E17K at cycle 2 day 1 was associated with improved PFS. Combination therapy appeared more tolerable than monotherapy [most frequent grade ≥3 adverse events: rash (9% vs. 20%), hyperglycemia (5% vs. 30%), diarrhea (5% vs. 10%)]. Capivasertib demonstrated clinically meaningful activity in heavily pretreated patients with <i>AKT1</i> ^E17K-mutant ER⁺ MBC, including those with prior disease progression on fulvestrant. Tolerability and activity appeared improved by the combination.