Conformal Prelithiation Nanoshell on LiCoO<sub>2</sub> Enabling High-Energy Lithium-Ion Batteries.
basic_science · Level V
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- Record sourced from PubMed, PMID 32374615.
- Also identified by DOI 10.1021/acs.nanolett.0c01413.
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Abstract
The initial lithium loss in lithium-ion batteries (LIBs) reduces their energy density (e.g., 15% or higher for LIBs using a Si-based anode). Herein, we report <i>in situ</i> chemical formation of a conformal Li<sub>2</sub>O/Co nanoshell (∼20 nm) on LiCoO<sub>2</sub> particles as a high-capacity built-in prelithiation reagent to compensate this initial lithium loss. We show a 15 mAh g<sup>-1</sup> increase in overall charge capacity for the LiCoO<sub>2</sub> with 1.5 wt % Li<sub>2</sub>O/Co in comparison to the pristine LiCoO<sub>2</sub> in virtue of the irreversible lithium extraction from the nanoshell (4Li<sub>2</sub>O + 3Co → 8Li<sup>+</sup> + 8e<sup>-</sup> + Co<sub>3</sub>O<sub>4</sub>, 2Li<sub>2</sub>O → 4Li<sup>+</sup> + 4e<sup>-</sup> + O<sub>2</sub>↑). Paired with a graphite-SiO anode, a full cell using such a LiCoO<sub>2</sub> cathode demonstrates 11% higher discharge capacity (2.60 mAh cm<sup>-2</sup>) than that using pristine LiCoO<sub>2</sub> (2.34 mAh cm<sup>-2</sup>) at 0.1 <i>C</i>, as well as stable battery cycling. Moreover, the prelithiated LiCoO<sub>2</sub> is compatible with the current battery fabrication process.