A Lithium Metal Anode Surviving Battery Cycling Above 200 °C.
basic_science · Level V
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- Record sourced from PubMed, PMID 32468648.
- Also identified by DOI 10.1002/adma.202000952.
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Abstract
Lithium (Li) metal electrode cannot endure elevated temperature (e.g., >200 °C) with the regular battery configuration due to its low melting point (180.5 °C) and high reactivity, which restricts its application in high-temperature Li metal batteries for energy storage and causes safety concerns for regular ambient-temperature Li metal batteries. Herein, this work reports a Li<sub>5</sub> B<sub>4</sub> /Li composite featuring a 3D Li<sub>5</sub> B<sub>4</sub> fibrillar framework filled with metallic Li, which maintains its initial structure at 325 °C in Ar atmosphere without leakage of the liquid Li. The capillary force caused by the porous structure of the Li<sub>4</sub> B<sub>5</sub> fibrillar framework, together with its lithiophilic surface, restricts the leakage of liquid metallic Li and enables good thermal tolerance of the Li<sub>5</sub> B<sub>4</sub> /Li composite. Thus, it can be facilely operated for rechargeable high-temperature Li metal batteries. Li<sub>5</sub> B<sub>4</sub> /Li electrodes are coupled with a garnet-type ceramic electrolyte (Li<sub>6.5</sub> La<sub>3</sub> Zr<sub>0.5</sub> Ta<sub>1.5</sub> O<sub>12</sub> ) to fabricate symmetric cells, which exhibit stable Li stripping/plating behaviors with low overpotential of ≈6 mV at 200 °C using a regular sandwich-type cell configuration. This work affords new insights into realizing a stable Li metal anode for high-temperature Li metal batteries with a simple battery configuration and high safety, which is different from traditional molten-salt Li metal batteries using a pristine metallic Li anode.