Dimensions, application, and outcomes of person-centered self-management interventions for those living with type 2 diabetes: A scoping review.

Abstract

To explore which dimensions of the person-centered approach (PCA) are adopted in self-management interventions, how they are applied, and its outcomes. A review team carried out a scoping review using the methodology of Arksey and O'Malley on diabetes mellitus type 2, person-centered care, and self-management. Of the 364 titles identified, 22 articles were included in this review. No study contained all five dimensions described by the person-centered framework. Some dimensions seemed difficult to assess, mainly having a sympathetic presence and engagement. The application of the five PCA dimensions are presented. Although the authors claimed their intervention to be person-centered, none used a specific tool to measure person-centered care in a holistic way. Although the guidelines recommend a PCA to professionals, there is a gap with practice, professionals having difficulty adopting and measuring this approach. Some strategies to facilitate the adoption of a PCA with people living with type 2 diabetes are proposed. These can help researchers and clinicians develop a PCA, by identifying the care delivery processes necessary to provide it. It seems important for researchers to measure whether their intervention is truly person-centered, using holistic tools and combining different methods (observation, questionnaire, interview).