Cytokine storm release syndrome and the prospects for immunotherapy with COVID-19, part 3: The role of GM-CSF.

Calabrese, Leonard H; Lenfant, Tiphaine; Calabrese, Cassandra · Cleve Clin J Med · 2020

prospective_cohort · Level II

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Abstract

Granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF) has been used experimentally in patients with acute respiratory distress syndrome. Recombinant GM-CSF administered by direct inhalation is currently being studied in a cohort of patients with advanced COVID-19.