Redox responsive nanoparticle encapsulating black phosphorus quantum dots for cancer theranostics.

Abstract

Effective cancer treatment puts high demands for cancer theranostics. For cancer diagnostics, optical coherence tomography (OCT) technology (including photothermal optical coherence tomography (PT-OCT)) has been widely investigated since it induces changes in optical phase transitions in tissue through environmental changes (such as temperature change for PT-OCT). In this report, redox responsive nanoparticle encapsulating black phosphorus quantum dots was developed as a robust PT-OCT agent. Briefly, black phosphorus quantum dots (BPQDs) are incorporated into cysteine-based poly-(disulfide amide) (Cys-PDSA) to form stable and biodegradable nanoagent. The excellent photothermal feature allows BPQD/Cys-PDSA nanoparticles (NPs) as a novel contrast agent for high-resolution PT-OCT bioimaging. The Cys-PDSA can rapidly respond to glutathione and effectively release BPQDs and drugs <i>in vitro</i> and <i>in vivo</i>. And the obtained NPs exhibit excellent near-infrared (NIR) photothermal transduction efficiency and drug delivery capacity that can serve as novel therapeutic platform, with very low chemo drug dosage and side effects. Both of the polymer and BPQD are degradable, indicating this platform is a rare PT-OCT agent that is completely biodegradable. Overall, our research highlights a biodegradable and biocompatible black phosphorus-based nanoagent for both cancer diagnosis and therapy.