"Primary free-flap tibial open fracture reconstruction with the Masquelet technique" and internal fixation.

Abstract

Grade III open fractures of the lower extremity are serious injuries and are difficult to reconstruct. The optimal treatment for such injuries is unclear. We aimed to determine the safety and efficacy of orthoplastic reconstruction, using a primary free anterolateral thigh flap combined with the Masquelet technique and internal fixation for Gustilo grade IIIB/C open tibial fractures. From April 2018 to April 2019, 15 patients, ranging from 19 to 72 years old, with Gustilo grade IIIB/C open fractures were treated using a primary free anterolateral thigh flap combined with the Masquelet technique and internal fixation. This involved wound debridement and removal of free bone fragments, followed by bone cement packing of the defect, external fixation, and vacuum sealing drainage treatment. The final stage involved switching from external to internal fixation and wound repair using a free anterolateral thigh flap. Repair time ranged from 2 to 7 days. Flap size ranged from 25 × 15 cm² to 13 × 7cm². Hospital stay ranged from 11 to 50 days (mean, approximately 33.3 days). Bone cement was removed after 6-19 weeks and replaced with autogenic cancellous bone. All flaps survived without incident. One patient experienced a wound infection, but there were no deep infections. For all patients, bone union was achieved after 4 to 7 months. The use of a primary free anterolateral thigh flap combined with the Masquelet technique and internal fixation is a safe and effective procedure for reconstruction of Gustilo grade IIIB/C open fractures.