Sialic acid-engineered mesoporous polydopamine nanoparticles loaded with SPIO and Fe<sup>3+</sup> as a novel theranostic agent for T1/T2 dual-mode MRI-guided combined chemo-photothermal treatment of hepatic cancer.
basic_science · Level V
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- Record sourced from PubMed, PMID 33210034.
- Also identified by DOI 10.1016/j.bioactmat.2020.10.020 and PMC identifier 7658445.
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Abstract
Hepatic cancer is a serious disease with high morbidity and mortality. Theranostic agents with effective diagnostic and therapeutic capability are highly needed for the treatment of hepatic cancer. Herein, we aimed to develop a novel mesoporous polydopamine (MPDA)-based theranostic agent for T1/T2 dual magnetic resonance imaging (MRI)-guided cancer chemo-photothermal therapy. Superparamagnetic iron oxide (SPIO)-loaded MPDA NPs (MPDA@SPIO) was firstly prepared, followed by modifying with a targeted molecule of sialic acid (SA) and chelating with Fe<sup>3+</sup> (SA-MPDA@SPIO/Fe<sup>3+</sup> NPs). After that, doxorubicin (DOX)-loaded SA-MPDA@SPIO/Fe<sup>3+</sup> NPs (SA-MPDA@SPIO/DOX/Fe<sup>3+</sup>) was prepared for tumor theranostics. The prepared SAPEG-MPDA@SPIO/Fe<sup>3+</sup> NPs were water-dispersible and biocompatible as evidenced by MTT assay. <i>In vitro</i> photothermal and relaxivity property suggested that the novel theranostic agent possessed excellent photothermal conversion capability and photostability, with relaxivity of being r<sub>1</sub> = 4.29 mM<sup>-1</sup>s<sup>-1</sup> and r<sub>2</sub> = 105.53 mM<sup>-1</sup>s<sup>-1</sup>, respectively. SAPEG-MPDA@SPIO/Fe<sup>3+</sup> NPs could effectively encapsulate the DOX, showing dual pH- and thermal-triggered drug release behavior. <i>In vitro</i> and <i>in vivo</i> studies revealed that SA-MPDA@SPIO/DOX/Fe<sup>3+</sup> NPs could effectively target to the hepatic tumor tissue, which was possibly due to the specific interaction between SA and the overexpressed E-selectin. This behavior also endowed SA-MPDA@SPIO/DOX/Fe<sup>3+</sup> NPs with a more precise T1-T2 dual mode contrast imaging effect than the one without SA modification. In addition, SAPEG-MPDA@SPIO/DOX/Fe<sup>3+</sup> NPs displayed a superior therapeutic effect, which was due to its active targeting ability and combined effects of chemotherapy and photothermal therapy. These results demonstrated that SAPEG-MPDA@SPIO/DOX/Fe<sup>3+</sup> NPs is an effective targeted nanoplatform for tumor theranostics, having potential value in the effective treatment of hepatic cancer.