Autofluorescence and Indocyanine Green in Thyroid Surgery: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.

Abstract

To estimate the impact of optical techniques on prevention of post-operative hypocalcemia and hypoparathyroidism after total thyroidectomy. Systematic review and meta-analysis. A literature search was conducted in Pubmed, EMBASE, SCOPUS, and Cochrane databases. The main inclusion criteria for eligible articles for meta-analysis were patients with benign or malignant thyroid pathologies who underwent total thyroidectomy, utilization of optical techniques to support PGs preservation, the availability of calcium and/or PTH levels. The primary outcome was to evaluate the variation of calcium and PTH levels when adopting optical technologies compared to standard naked-eye surgery. In total, 13 papers with 1484 procedures were included. Pooled proportion for short- and medium-term hypocalcemia rates were 8% (95% CI, 5%:11%) and 1% (95% CI, 0%:4%) for optical techniques, while for naked-eye surgery were 15% (95% CI, 9%:23%) and 5% (95% CI, 2%:9%), respectively. Optical technologies reduced short and medium term hypocalcemia compared to conventional surgery. NA Laryngoscope, 131:1683-1692, 2021.