Carbon hollow fiber membranes for a molecular sieve with precise-cutoff ultramicropores for superior hydrogen separation.

Lei, Linfeng; Pan, Fengjiao; Lindbråthen, Arne; Zhang, Xiangping; Hillestad, Magne; Nie, Yi; Bai, Lu; He, Xuezhong et al. · Nat Commun · 2021

basic_science · Level V

Where this comes from

Abstract

Carbon molecular sieve (CMS) membranes with rigid and uniform pore structures are ideal candidates for high temperature- and pressure-demanded separations, such as hydrogen purification from the steam methane reforming process. Here, we report a facile and scalable method for the fabrication of cellulose-based asymmetric carbon hollow fiber membranes (CHFMs) with ultramicropores of 3-4 Å for superior H<sub>2</sub> separation. The membrane fabrication process does not require complex pretreatments to avoid pore collapse before the carbonization of cellulose precursors. A H<sub>2</sub>/CO<sub>2</sub> selectivity of 83.9 at 130 °C (H<sub>2</sub>/N<sub>2</sub> selectivity of >800, H<sub>2</sub>/CH<sub>4</sub> selectivity of >5700) demonstrates that the membrane provides a precise cutoff to discriminate between small gas molecules (H<sub>2</sub>) and larger gas molecules. In addition, the membrane exhibits superior mixed gas separation performances combined with water vapor- and high pressure-resistant stability. The present approach for the fabrication of high-performance CMS membranes derived from cellulose precursors opens a new avenue for H<sub>2</sub>-related separations.