Management of Civilian Low-Velocity Gunshot Injuries to an Extremity.

Abstract

Despite an increasing rate of civilian low-velocity gunshot injuries, there remains a lack of evidence-based treatment standards. Most low-velocity gunshot-induced fractures of the extremity can be managed similarly to non-gunshot-induced fractures, with the goals of restoring function and minimizing complications. There are a limited number of high-quality studies to support the use of prophylactic antibiotics for nonoperatively treated gunshot wounds. Intra-articular retained bullets should be removed, while prophylactic irrigation and debridement for a transarticular bullet is not routinely warranted for infection prevention. Much of the literature on low-velocity gunshot wounds is Level-III or IV evidence, warranting the need for higher-powered, randomized, prospective investigations.