Stabilizing black-phase formamidinium perovskite formation at room temperature and high humidity.
basic_science · Level V
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- Record sourced from PubMed, PMID 33766883.
- Also identified by DOI 10.1126/science.abf7652.
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Abstract
The stabilization of black-phase formamidinium lead iodide (α-FAPbI<sub>3</sub>) perovskite under various environmental conditions is considered necessary for solar cells. However, challenges remain regarding the temperature sensitivity of α-FAPbI<sub>3</sub> and the requirements for strict humidity control in its processing. Here we report the synthesis of stable α-FAPbI<sub>3</sub>, regardless of humidity and temperature, based on a vertically aligned lead iodide thin film grown from an ionic liquid, methylamine formate. The vertically grown structure has numerous nanometer-scale ion channels that facilitate the permeation of formamidinium iodide into the lead iodide thin films for fast and robust transformation to α-FAPbI<sub>3</sub> A solar cell with a power-conversion efficiency of 24.1% was achieved. The unencapsulated cells retain 80 and 90% of their initial efficiencies for 500 hours at 85°C and continuous light stress, respectively.