Leveling the cost and carbon footprint of circular polymers that are chemically recycled to monomer.

Vora, Nemi; Christensen, Peter R; Demarteau, Jérémy; Baral, Nawa Raj; Keasling, Jay D; Helms, Brett A; Scown, Corinne D · Sci Adv · 2021

basic_science · Level V

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Abstract

Mechanical recycling of polymers downgrades them such that they are unusable after a few cycles. Alternatively, chemical recycling to monomer offers a means to recover the embodied chemical feedstocks for remanufacturing. However, only a limited number of commodity polymers may be chemically recycled, and the processes remain resource intensive. We use systems analysis to quantify the costs and life-cycle carbon footprints of virgin and chemically recycled polydiketoenamines (PDKs), next-generation polymers that depolymerize under ambient conditions in strong acid. The cost of producing virgin PDK resin using unoptimized processes is ~30-fold higher than recycling them, and the cost of recycled PDK resin ($1.5 kg<sup>-1</sup>) is on par with PET and HDPE, and below that of polyurethanes. Virgin resin production is carbon intensive (86 kg CO<sub>2</sub>e kg<sup>-1</sup>), while chemical recycling emits only 2 kg CO<sub>2</sub>e kg<sup>-1</sup> This cost and emissions disparity provides a strong incentive to recover and recycle future polymer waste.