Pineal region tumours in the sitting position: how I do it.

Abstract

Pineal region tumours remain challenging neurosurgical pathologies. Detailed anatomical knowledge of the posterior incisural space and its variations is critical. An opaque arachnoidal membrane seals the internal cerebral and basal veins, leading to thalamic, basal ganglia, mesencephalic/pontine infarctions if injured. Medium-size tumours can be removed en-bloc with all traction/manipulation applied on the tumour side, virtually without contact of ependymal surfaces of the pulvinars or third ventricle. Sacrifice of the cerebello-mesencephalic fissure vein may be required. The sitting position offers superior anatomical orientation and remains safe with experienced teams. Meticulous microsurgical techniques and detailed anatomical knowledge are likely to secure safe outcomes.