Three-dimensional Printing for Hybrid Closure of Complex Muscular Ventricular Septal Defects.

Longinotti, Lorenzo; Castaldi, Biagio; Bertelli, Francesco; Vida, Vladimiro L; Padalino, Massimo A · Ann Thorac Surg · 2022

case_report · Level V

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Abstract

The identification and surgical closure of apical complex muscular ventricular septal defects remains a difficult problem because of their location in the ventricular septum distal to the moderating band. Three-dimensional reconstruction can help the surgeon to better understand the location and structure of congenital cardiac defects. We report the case of a child with multiple apical complex muscular ventricular septal defects closed through a hybrid approach with the aid of a 3-dimensional printed model.

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