Breaking bad news: A randomized controlled trial to test a novel interactive course for medical students using blended learning.

Abstract

Breaking bad news (BBN) is challenging for physicians and patients and specific communication strategies aim to improve these situations. This study evaluates whether an E-learning assignment could improve medical students' accurate recognition of BBN communication techniques. This randomized controlled trial was conducted at the University of Basel. After a lecture on BBN, 4th year medical students were randomized to an intervention receiving an E-learning assignment on BBN or to a control group. Both groups then worked on an examination video and identified previously taught BBN elements shown in a physician-patient interaction. The number of correctly, misclassified and incorrectly identified BBN communication elements as well as missed opportunities were assessed in the examination video. We included 160 medical students (55% female). The number of correctly identified BBN elements did not differ between control and intervention group (mean [SD] 3.51 [2.50] versus 3.72 [2.34], p = 0.58). However, the mean number of inappropriate BBN elements was significantly lower in the intervention than in the control group (2.33 [2.57] versus 3.33 [3.39], p = 0.037). Use of an E-learning tool reduced inappropriate annotations regarding BBN communication techniques. This E-learning might help to further advance communication skills in medical students.