Streamlined Mesoporous Silica Nanoparticles with Tunable Curvature from Interfacial Dynamic-Migration Strategy for Nanomotors.

Abstract

Streamlined architectures with a low fluid-resistance coefficient have been receiving great attention in various fields. However, it is still a great challenge to synthesize streamlined architecture with tunable surface curvature at the nanoscale. Herein, we report a facile interfacial dynamic migration strategy for the synthesis of streamlined mesoporous nanotadpoles with varied architectures. These tadpole-like nanoparticles possess a big streamlined head and a slender tail, which exhibit large inner cavities (75-170 nm), high surface areas (424-488 m² g^-1), and uniform mesopore sizes (2.4-3.2 nm). The head curvature of the streamlined mesoporous nanoparticles can be well-tuned from ∼2.96 × 10^-2 to ∼5.56 × 10^-2 nm^-1, and the tail length can also be regulated from ∼30 to ∼650 nm. By selectively loading the Fe₃O₄ catalyst in the cavity of the streamlined silica nanotadpoles, the H₂O₂-driven mesoporous nanomotors were designed. The mesoporous nanomotors with optimized structural parameters exhibit outstanding directionality and a diffusion coefficient of 8.15 μm² s^-1.