Tailoring Nanoporous-Engineered Sponge Fiber Molecular Sieves with Ternary-Nested Architecture for Precise Molecular Separation.

Abstract

Polymeric fiber molecular sieves (PFMs) with ultrahigh surface areas, well-defined Murray's-law hierarchical nanoporous structures, and superior self-standing properties are of great interest for molecular-level separation applications. However, creating such PFMs has been proven extremely challenging. Herein, we report a cross-scale pore-forming strategy to create intriguing sponge fiber molecular sieves with hierarchical, tailorable, and molecularly defined nanoporosity by nanospace-confined chain-packing modulation at the molecular level. Robust secondary ultramicropores (<7 Å) and micropores (<2 nm) are <i>in situ</i> constructed in the macro/mesoporous skeletons of sponge fibers to realize a tunable pore size distribution. The resultant PFMs exhibit the integrated properties of ultrahigh surface area (860 m² g^-1), large pore volume (0.6 cm³ g^-1), self-standing properties, and excellent molecular sieving performance and are widely applied in acetophenone/phenyl ethanol separation, hydrogen peroxide purification, ethyl acetate separation, and CO₂ adsorption fields. The fabrication of such PFMs provides a feasible way for the design and development of polymeric fibrous sieves for molecular separation in large-scale chemical, energy, and environmental operation processes.