Impact of global cooling on Early Cretaceous high pCO<sub>2</sub> world during the Weissert Event.

Cavalheiro, Liyenne; Wagner, Thomas; Steinig, Sebastian; Bottini, Cinzia; Dummann, Wolf; Esegbue, Onoriode; Gambacorta, Gabriele; Giraldo-Gómez, Victor et al. · Nat Commun · 2021

basic_science · Level V

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Abstract

The Weissert Event ~133 million years ago marked a profound global cooling that punctuated the Early Cretaceous greenhouse. We present modelling, high-resolution bulk organic carbon isotopes and chronostratigraphically calibrated sea surface temperature (SSTs) based on an organic paleothermometer (the TEX<sub>86</sub> proxy), which capture the Weissert Event in the semi-enclosed Weddell Sea basin, offshore Antarctica (paleolatitude ~54 °S; paleowater depth ~500 meters). We document a ~3-4 °C drop in SST coinciding with the Weissert cold end, and converge the Weddell Sea data, climate simulations and available worldwide multi-proxy based temperature data towards one unifying solution providing a best-fit between all lines of evidence. The outcome confirms a 3.0 °C ( ±1.7 °C) global mean surface cooling across the Weissert Event, which translates into a ~40% drop in atmospheric pCO<sub>2</sub> over a period of ~700 thousand years. Consistent with geologic evidence, this pCO<sub>2</sub> drop favoured the potential build-up of local polar ice.