Ultrathin 2D Titanium Carbide MXene (Ti<sub>3</sub> C<sub>2</sub> T<sub>x</sub> ) Nanoflakes Activate WNT/HIF-1α-Mediated Metabolism Reprogramming for Periodontal Regeneration.
basic_science · Level V
Where this comes from
- Record sourced from PubMed, PMID 34586717.
- Also identified by DOI 10.1002/adhm.202101215 and PMC identifier 11468541.
- Licence recorded as CC BY-NC.
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Abstract
Periodontal defect regeneration in severe periodontitis relies on the differentiation and proliferation of periodontal ligament cells (PDLCs). Recently, an emerging 2D nanomaterial, MXene (Ti<sub>3</sub> C<sub>2</sub> T<sub>x</sub> ), has gained more and more attention due to the extensive antibacterial and anticancer activity, while its potential biomedical application on tissue regeneration remains unclear. Through a combination of experimental and multiscale simulation schemes, Ti<sub>3</sub> C<sub>2</sub> T<sub>x</sub> has exhibited satisfactory biocompatibility and induced distinguish osteogenic differentiation of human PDLCs (hPDLCs), with upregulated osteogenesis-related genes. Ti<sub>3</sub> C<sub>2</sub> T<sub>x</sub> manages to activate the Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway by enhancing the Wnt-Frizzled complex binding, thus stabilizing HIF-1α and altering metabolic reprogramming into glycolysis. In vivo, hPDLCs pretreated by Ti<sub>3</sub> C<sub>2</sub> T<sub>x</sub> display excellent performance in new bone formation and osteoclast inhibition with enhanced RUNX2, HIF-1α, and β-catenin in an experimental rat model of periodontal fenestration defects, indicating that this material has high efficiency of periodontal regeneration promotion. It is demonstrated in this work that Ti<sub>3</sub> C<sub>2</sub> T<sub>x</sub> has highly efficient therapeutic effects in osteogenic differentiation and periodontal defect repairment.
Medical subject headings
- Osteogenesis
- Titanium