Fatal enhanced respiratory syncytial virus disease in toddlers.
case_report · Level V
Where this comes from
- Record sourced from PubMed, PMID 34669442.
- Also identified by DOI 10.1126/scitranslmed.abj7843 and PMC identifier 10712289.
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Abstract
In 1967, two toddlers immunized with a formalin-inactivated vaccine against respiratory syncytial virus (FIRSV) in the United States died from enhanced RSV disease (ERD), a severe form of illness resulting from aberrant priming of the antiviral immune response during vaccination. Up to 80% of immunized children subsequently exposed to wild-type virus were hospitalized. These events hampered RSV vaccine development for decades. Here, we provide a characterization of the clinical, immunopathological, and transcriptional signature of fatal human ERD, outlining evidence for safety evaluation of RSV vaccines and a framework for understanding disease enhancement for pathogens in general.
Medical subject headings
- Communicable Diseases
- Respiratory Syncytial Virus Infections
- Respiratory Syncytial Virus Vaccines