Time-Trends of U.S. Occupational Noise Standard Violations by OSHA Region and Industry Type 1972 to 2019.

Abstract

We examined time-trends in Occupational Noise Standard violations by OSHA region and industry type over 48 years. Along with descriptive analysis of original data, negative binomial regression and Poisson regression were applied to the analysis of 1972 to 2019 and 1972 to 2012 data, respectively. A small annual decrease in violation units over the periods was revealed. The three analyses produced differing timetrends. The manufacturing industry had more violations, and Region 4 had the most violations. Regarding numbers of units, the 10 regions and 2 industries were jointly significant. Some interaction between regions and industry types appeared in both regressions. OSHA should specify how many regions report noise violations each year to ensure accurate identification of noise-related health risks to American workers. Further time-trend studies are needed for specific regions and industry types.