Cross-cultural adaptation, reliability and validity of the Marathi versions of the Back Beliefs Questionnaire and Pain Self-Efficacy Questionnaire in people living with chronic low back pain.

Abstract

To translate and cross-culturally adapt the Back Beliefs Questionnaire (BBQ) and Pain Self-Efficacy Questionnaire (PSEQ) into Marathi, and to evaluate their clinimetric properties in a native Marathi speaking population with chronic low back pain. The BBQ and PSEQ were translated into Marathi using international published guidelines. Fifty native Marathi speakers were recruited. Reliability (<i>n</i> = 43) was evaluated in terms of internal consistency (Cronbach α) and test-retest reliability [intra class correlation coefficient, ICC (2, 1)] and 95% confidence interval (CI). Convergent validity (<i>n</i> = 50) was assessed by correlating the Marathi versions of BBQ and PSEQ with the Marathi version of Roland Morris Disability Questionnaire (RMDQ). Internal consistency of BBQ (Cronbach α  =  0.67) was good and that for PSEQ (Cronbach α  =  0.93) was high. Test-retest reliability for BBQ (ICC =  0.80; 95% CI: 0.66 to 0.89) was good and PSEQ (ICC = 0.85; 95% CI: 0.74 to 0.92) was excellent. A significant, low negative correlation was found between RMDQ and BBQ scores (<i>r</i> = -0.298; <i>p</i> = 0.036) and PSEQ (<i>r</i> = -0.28; <i>p</i> = 0.049). The BBQ and PSEQ were successfully cross-culturally adapted into Marathi. Clinimetric evaluation of these questionnaires in a sample of native Marathi speaking populations with chronic low back pain demonstrated good acceptability, acceptable internal consistency, and high test-retest reliability.Implications for rehabilitationThe Back Beliefs Questionnaire (BBQ) and Pain Self Efficacy Questionnaire (PSEQ) were successfully cross-culturally adapted into Marathi.The Marathi versions of BBQ and PSEQ have good acceptability, acceptable internal consistency, and high test-retest reliability.They can be used by clinicians and researchers to evaluate beliefs about back pain and pain self-efficacy in Marathi speaking patients with chronic low back pain.