Therapeutic strategies of three-dimensional stem cell spheroids and organoids for tissue repair and regeneration.
review · Level V
Where this comes from
- Record sourced from PubMed, PMID 35441116.
- Also identified by DOI 10.1016/j.bioactmat.2022.03.039 and PMC identifier 8987319.
- Licence recorded as CC BY-NC-ND.
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Abstract
Three-dimensional (3D) stem cell culture systems have attracted considerable attention as a way to better mimic the complex interactions between individual cells and the extracellular matrix (ECM) that occur <i>in vivo</i>. Moreover, 3D cell culture systems have unique properties that help guide specific functions, growth, and processes of stem cells (e.g., embryogenesis, morphogenesis, and organogenesis). Thus, 3D stem cell culture systems that mimic <i>in vivo</i> environments enable basic research about various tissues and organs. In this review, we focus on the advanced therapeutic applications of stem cell-based 3D culture systems generated using different engineering techniques. Specifically, we summarize the historical advancements of 3D cell culture systems and discuss the therapeutic applications of stem cell-based spheroids and organoids, including engineering techniques for tissue repair and regeneration.