Atomic Sn-enabled high-utilization, large-capacity, and long-life Na anode.
basic_science · Level V
Where this comes from
- Record sourced from PubMed, PMID 35544572.
- Also identified by DOI 10.1126/sciadv.abm7489 and PMC identifier 9094655.
- Licence recorded as CC BY-NC.
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Abstract
Constructing robust nucleation sites with an ultrafine size in a confined environment is essential toward simultaneously achieving superior utilization, high capacity, and long-term durability in Na metal-based energy storage, yet remains largely unexplored. Here, we report a previously unexplored design of spatially confined atomic Sn in hollow carbon spheres for homogeneous nucleation and dendrite-free growth. The designed architecture maximizes Sn utilization, prevents agglomeration, mitigates volume variation, and allows complete alloying-dealloying with high-affinity Sn as persistent nucleation sites, contrary to conventional spatially exposed large-size ones without dealloying. Thus, conformal deposition is achieved, rendering an exceptional capacity of 16 mAh cm<sup>-2</sup> in half-cells and long cycling over 7000 hours in symmetric cells. Moreover, the well-known paradox is surmounted, delivering record-high Na utilization (e.g., 85%) and large capacity (e.g., 8 mAh cm<sup>-2</sup>) while maintaining extraordinary durability over 5000 hours, representing an important breakthrough for stabilizing Na anode.