Structural identification of vasodilator binding sites on the SUR2 subunit.

Ding, Dian; Wu, Jing-Xiang; Duan, Xinli; Ma, Songling; Lai, Lipeng; Chen, Lei · Nat Commun · 2022

basic_science · Level V

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Abstract

ATP-sensitive potassium channels (K<sub>ATP</sub>), composed of Kir6 and SUR subunits, convert the metabolic status of the cell into electrical signals. Pharmacological activation of SUR2- containing K<sub>ATP</sub> channels by class of small molecule drugs known as K<sub>ATP</sub> openers leads to hyperpolarization of excitable cells and to vasodilation. Thus, K<sub>ATP</sub> openers could be used to treat cardiovascular diseases. However, where these vasodilators bind to K<sub>ATP</sub> and how they activate the channel remains elusive. Here, we present cryo-EM structures of SUR2A and SUR2B subunits in complex with Mg-nucleotides and P1075 or levcromakalim, two chemically distinct K<sub>ATP</sub> openers that are specific to SUR2. Both P1075 and levcromakalim bind to a common site in the transmembrane domain (TMD) of the SUR2 subunit, which is between TMD1 and TMD2 and is embraced by TM10, TM11, TM12, TM14, and TM17. These K<sub>ATP</sub> openers synergize with Mg-nucleotides to stabilize SUR2 in the NBD-dimerized occluded state to activate the channel.

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