An Anode-Free Potassium-Metal Battery Enabled by a Directly Grown Graphene-Modulated Aluminum Current Collector.
basic_science · Level V
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- Record sourced from PubMed, PMID 35584284.
- Also identified by DOI 10.1002/adma.202202902.
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Abstract
Potassium (K)-metal batteries have emerged as a promising energy-storage device owing to abundant K resources. An anode-free architecture that bypasses the need for anode host materials can deliver an elevated energy density. However, the poor efficiency of K plating/stripping on potassiophobic anode current collectors results in rapid K inventory loss and a short cycle life. Herein, commercial Al foils are decorated with an ultrathin graphene-modified layer (Al@G) through roll-to-roll plasma-enhanced chemical vapor deposition. By harnessing strong adhesion (10.52 N m<sup>-1</sup> ) and a high surface energy (66.6 mJ m<sup>-2</sup> ), the designed Al@G structure ensures a highly smooth and ordered K plating/stripping process. Consequently, during K-metal plating/stripping, Al@G can operate at a current density of up to 4.0 mA cm<sup>-2</sup> and cyclic capacity of up to 4.0 mAh cm<sup>-2</sup> , with an ultralong lifespan of up to 1000 h at 0.5 mA cm<sup>-2</sup> and stable cycling of up to 750 h under periodic current fluctuations of 0.1-2.0 mA cm<sup>-2</sup> . In addition, a novel anode-free K-metal full-cell prototype enabled by Al@G anode current collectors is constructed, demonstrating ameliorative cyclic stability.