Experimental realization of one dimensional helium.
basic_science · Level V
Where this comes from
- Record sourced from PubMed, PMID 35672302.
- Also identified by DOI 10.1038/s41467-022-30752-3 and PMC identifier 9174257.
- Licence recorded as CC BY.
- The licence permits redistribution, so the abstract is shown in full and the full text is available from the publisher.
Abstract
As the spatial dimension is lowered, locally stabilizing interactions are reduced, leading to the emergence of strongly fluctuating phases of matter without classical analogues. Here we report on the experimental observation of a one dimensional quantum liquid of <sup>4</sup>He using nanoengineering by confining it within a porous material preplated with a noble gas to enhance dimensional reduction. The resulting excitations of the confined <sup>4</sup>He are qualitatively different than bulk superfluid helium, and can be analyzed in terms of a mobile impurity allowing for the characterization of the emergent quantum liquid beyond the Luttinger liquid paradigm. The low dimensional helium system offers the possibility of tuning via pressure-from weakly interacting, all the way to the super Tonks-Girardeau gas of strongly interacting hard-core particles.