The superconductivity of Sr<sub>2</sub>RuO<sub>4</sub> under c-axis uniaxial stress.

Jerzembeck, Fabian; Røising, Henrik S; Steppke, Alexander; Rosner, Helge; Sokolov, Dmitry A; Kikugawa, Naoki; Scaffidi, Thomas; Simon, Steven H et al. · Nat Commun · 2022

basic_science · Level V

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Abstract

Applying in-plane uniaxial pressure to strongly correlated low-dimensional systems has been shown to tune the electronic structure dramatically. For example, the unconventional superconductor Sr<sub>2</sub>RuO<sub>4</sub> can be tuned through a single Van Hove point, resulting in strong enhancement of both T<sub>c</sub> and H<sub>c2</sub>. Out-of-plane (c axis) uniaxial pressure is expected to tune the quasi-two-dimensional structure even more strongly, by pushing it towards two Van Hove points simultaneously. Here, we achieve a record uniaxial stress of 3.2 GPa along the c axis of Sr<sub>2</sub>RuO<sub>4</sub>. H<sub>c2</sub> increases, as expected for increasing density of states, but unexpectedly T<sub>c</sub> falls. As a first attempt to explain this result, we present three-dimensional calculations in the weak interaction limit. We find that within the weak-coupling framework there is no single order parameter that can account for the contrasting effects of in-plane versus c-axis uniaxial stress, which makes this new result a strong constraint on theories of the superconductivity of Sr<sub>2</sub>RuO<sub>4</sub>.