Moisture-triggered fast crystallization enables efficient and stable perovskite solar cells.
basic_science · Level V
Where this comes from
- Record sourced from PubMed, PMID 35986009.
- Also identified by DOI 10.1038/s41467-022-32482-y and PMC identifier 9391447.
- Licence recorded as CC BY.
- The licence permits redistribution, so the abstract is shown in full and the full text is available from the publisher.
Abstract
Understanding the function of moisture on perovskite is challenging since the random environmental moisture strongly disturbs the perovskite structure. Here, we develop various N<sub>2</sub>-protected characterization techniques to comprehensively study the effect of moisture on the efficient cesium, methylammonium, and formamidinium triple-cation perovskite (Cs<sub>0.05</sub>FA<sub>0.75</sub>MA<sub>0.20</sub>)Pb(I<sub>0.96</sub>Br<sub>0.04</sub>)<sub>3</sub>. In contrast to the secondary measurements, the established air-exposure-free techniques allow us directly monitor the influence of moisture during perovskite crystallization. We find a controllable moisture treatment for the intermediate perovskite can promote the mass transportation of organic salts, and help them enter the buried bottom of the films. This process accelerates the quasi-solid-solid reaction between organic salts and PbI<sub>2</sub>, enables a spatially homogeneous intermediate phase, and translates to high-quality perovskites with much-suppressed defects. Consequently, we obtain a champion device efficiency of approaching 24% with negligible hysteresis. The devices exhibit an average T<sub>80</sub>-lifetime of 852 h (maximum 1210 h) working at the maximum power point.