Suppression of Gas Crossover and Dendrite Growth in Sodium-Gas Batteries across a Wide Operating Temperature Range.
basic_science · Level V
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- Record sourced from PubMed, PMID 36150109.
- Also identified by DOI 10.1021/acsnano.2c05211.
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Abstract
Enabling highly stable alkali metal anodes in gas atmospheres, such as oxygen and carbon dioxide, is critical for the implementation of emerging metal-gas batteries with high energy density and improved safety. Herein, we demonstrate a three-salt electrolyte system to tackle the problems of gas crossover and uncontrolled metallic dendrite growth for all-climate sodium-gas batteries by the formation of an electrochemically/chemically stable solid electrolyte interphase that is rich in fluoride and sulfate compounds. Consequently, the sodium metal anodes present high reversible capacity (10 mAh cm<sup>-2</sup> at 1.5 mA cm<sup>-2</sup>) and long cycle life (2000 h) in gas atmospheres across a wide operating temperature range. Using the three-salt electrolyte, all-climate sodium-oxygen and sodium-carbon dioxide batteries are demonstrated with a reversible capacity of 1000 mAh g<sup>-1</sup> over 100 cycles at ambient temperature and good adaptability to temperatures from -60 to 60 °C.