Edge modification facilitated heterogenization and exfoliation of two-dimensional nanomaterials for cancer catalytic therapy.

Abstract

The rapid recombination of electron-hole pairs and limited substrates are the most critical factors astricting the effect of catalytic therapy. Thus, two-dimensional interplanar heterojunction (BiOCl/Bi₂O₃) that prolongs the lifetime of excited electrons and holes and extends the selectivity of substrates under ultrasound irradiation is prepared to facilitate high-performance cancer therapy. An edge modification displacing marginal BiOCl to Bi₂O₃ is proposed to construct the interplanar heterojunction, promoting ultrathin nanosheets exfoliation due to the enhanced edge affinity with H₂O. The spontaneously aligning Fermi levels mediate a built-in electric field-guided Z-scheme interplanar heterojunction, retard electron-hole pairs recombination, and improve redox potentials. Hence, these high-powered electrons and holes are capable of catalyzing diverse and stable substrates, such as the reduction reactions, O₂ → ·O₂^- and CO₂ → CO, and oxidation reactions, GSH → GSSG and H₂O → ·OH. The Z-scheme interplanar heterojunction with the extending substrates selectivity completely breaks the tumor microenvironment limitation, exhibiting high anticancer activity.