Rapport: A conceptual definition from the perspective of patients and families receiving palliative care.

Abstract

To explore patient and family perceptions of rapport in interactions with health professionals and use the findings to develop a conceptual definition of rapport. We undertook a qualitative Interpretive Description study; semi-structured interviews were conducted between November 2020 and May 2021. Participants included 18 patients and 11 family members recruited using a random approach from four hospice locations in Aotearoa, New Zealand. Interviews were audio recorded, transcribed, and analysed to develop a conceptual definition of rapport using guidelines (Podsakoff et al., (2016). A COREQ checklist was completed. Four dimensions of rapport were identified which formed the basis of a conceptual definition: 1) the type of relating, 2) the essence of rapport experienced, 3) key communication characteristics, and 4) the effect on interactions. Based on patient and family experiences of rapport, this study formulated a conceptual definition of rapport. This definition will support clinical education and practice and inform future research related to rapport. A conceptual definition of rapport can provide clarity for both research and clinical practice. It may be used as a tool for health professionals to reflect upon their experiences with rapport and develop expertise in this area.