Genome-wide gain-of-function screening characterized lncRNA regulators for tumor immune response.

Wang, Yifei; Zhao, Yueshan; Guo, Weiwei; Yadav, Ghanshyam Singh; Bhaskarla, Chetana; Wang, Zehua; Wang, Xiaofei; Li, Sihan et al. · Sci Adv · 2022

basic_science · Level V

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Abstract

The majority of lncRNAs' roles in tumor immunology remain elusive. This project performed a CRISPR activation screening of 9744 lncRNAs in melanoma cells cocultured with human CD8<sup>+</sup> T cells. We identified 16 lncRNAs potentially regulating tumor immune response. Further integrative analysis using tumor immunogenomics data revealed that <i>IL10RB-DT</i> and <i>LINC01198</i> are significantly correlated with tumor immune response and survival in melanoma and breast cancer. Specifically, <i>IL10RB-DT</i> suppresses CD8<sup>+</sup> T cells activation via inhibiting IFN-γ-JAK-STAT1 signaling and antigen presentation in melanoma and breast cancer cells. On the other hand, <i>LINC01198</i>'s up-regulation sensitizes the killing of tumor cells by CD8<sup>+</sup> T cells. Mechanistically, <i>LINC01198</i> interacts and activates NF-κB component p65 to trigger the type I and type II interferon responses in melanoma and breast cancer cells. Our study systematically characterized novel lncRNAs involved in tumor immune response.

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