Creating superconductivity in WB<sub>2</sub> through pressure-induced metastable planar defects.

Lim, J; Hire, A C; Quan, Y; Kim, J S; Xie, S R; Sinha, S; Kumar, R S; Popov, D et al. · Nat Commun · 2022

basic_science · Level V

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Abstract

High-pressure electrical resistivity measurements reveal that the mechanical deformation of ultra-hard WB<sub>2</sub> during compression induces superconductivity above 50 GPa with a maximum superconducting critical temperature, T<sub>c</sub>of 17 K at 91 GPa. Upon further compression up to 187 GPa, the T<sub>c</sub>gradually decreases. Theoretical calculations show that electron-phonon mediated superconductivity originates from the formation of metastable stacking faults and twin boundaries that exhibit a local structure resembling MgB<sub>2</sub> (hP3, space group 191, prototype AlB<sub>2</sub>). Synchrotron x-ray diffraction measurements up to 145 GPa show that the ambient pressure hP12 structure (space group 194, prototype WB<sub>2</sub>) continues to persist to this pressure, consistent with the formation of the planar defects above 50 GPa. The abrupt appearance of superconductivity under pressure does not coincide with a structural transition but instead with the formation and percolation of mechanically-induced stacking faults and twin boundaries. The results identify an alternate route for designing superconducting materials.