Solid Earth-atmosphere interaction forces during the 15 January 2022 Tonga eruption.
basic_science · Level V
Where this comes from
- Record sourced from PubMed, PMID 36630503.
- Also identified by DOI 10.1126/sciadv.add4931 and PMC identifier 9833673.
- Licence recorded as CC BY.
- The licence permits redistribution, so the abstract is shown in full and the full text is available from the publisher.
Abstract
Rapid venting of volcanic material during the 15 January 2022 Tonga eruption generated impulsive downward reaction forces on the Earth of ~2.0 × 10<sup>13</sup> N that radiated seismic waves observed throughout the planet, with ~25 s source bursts persisting for ~4.5 hours. The force time history is determined by analysis of teleseismic <i>P</i> waves and Rayleigh waves with periods approximately <50 s, providing insight into the overall volcanic eruption process. The atmospheric acoustic-gravity Lamb wave expanding from the eruption produced broadband ground motions when transiting land, along with driven and conventional tsunami waves. Atmospheric standing acoustic waves near the source produced oscillatory peak forces as large as 4 × 10<sup>12</sup> N, exciting resonant solid Earth Rayleigh wave motions at frequencies of 3.7 and 4.6 mHz.