An artificial sodium-selective subnanochannel.

Lu, Jun; Jiang, Gengping; Zhang, Huacheng; Qian, Binbin; Zhu, Haijin; Gu, Qinfen; Yan, Yuan; Liu, Jefferson Zhe et al. · Sci Adv · 2023

basic_science · Level V

Where this comes from

Abstract

Single-ion selectivity with high precision has long been pursued for fundamental bioinspired engineering and applications such as in ion separation and energy conversion. However, it remains a challenge to develop artificial ion channels to achieve single-ion selectivity comparable to their biological analogs, especially for high Na<sup>+</sup>/K<sup>+</sup> selectivity. Here, we report an artificial sodium channel by subnanoconfinement of 4'-aminobenzo-15-crown-5 ethers (15C5s) into ~6-Å-sized metal-organic framework subnanochannel (MOFSNC). The resulting 15C5-MOFSNC shows an unprecedented Na<sup>+</sup>/K<sup>+</sup> selectivity of tens to 10<sup>2</sup> and Na<sup>+</sup>/Li<sup>+</sup> selectivity of 10<sup>3</sup> under multicomponent permeation conditions, comparable to biological sodium channels. A co-ion-responsive single-file transport mechanism in 15C-MOFSNC is proposed for the preferential transport of Na<sup>+</sup> over K<sup>+</sup> due to the synergetic effects of size exclusion, charge selectivity, local hydrophobicity, and preferential binding with functional groups. This study provides an alternative strategy for developing potential single-ion selective channels and membranes for many applications.