Epitaxial Growth of Large Area Two-Dimensional Ferroelectric α-In₂Se₃.

Abstract

Two-dimensional (2D) ferroelectric materials have attracted intensive attention in recent years for academic research. However, the synthesis of large-scale 2D ferroelectric materials for electronic applications is still challenging. Here, we report the successful synthesis of centimeter-scale ferroelectric In₂Se₃ films by selenization of In₂O₃ in a confined space chemical vapor deposition method. The as-grown homogeneous thin film has a uniform thickness of 5 nm with robust out-of-plane ferroelectricity at room temperature. Scanning transmission electron microscopy and Raman spectroscopy reveal that the thin film is 2H stacking α-In₂Se₃ with excellent crystalline quality. Electronic transport measurements of In₂Se₃ highlight the current-voltage hysteresis and polarization modulated diode effect due to the switchable Schottky barrier height (SBH). First-principles calculations reveal that the polarization modulated SBH is originated from the competition between interface charge transfer and polarized charge. The large area growth of epitaxial In₂Se₃ opens up potential applications of In₂Se₃ in novel nanoelectronics.