Paper-based sensors for bacteria detection.

Mazur, Federico; Tjandra, Angie Davina; Zhou, Yingzhu; Gao, Yuan; Chandrawati, Rona · Nat Rev Bioeng · 2023

review · Level V

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Abstract

The detection of pathogenic bacteria is essential to prevent and treat infections and to provide food security. Current gold-standard detection techniques, such as culture-based assays and polymerase chain reaction, are time-consuming and require centralized laboratories. Therefore, efforts have focused on developing point-of-care devices that are fast, cheap, portable and do not require specialized training. Paper-based analytical devices meet these criteria and are particularly suitable to deployment in low-resource settings. In this Review, we highlight paper-based analytical devices with substantial point-of-care applicability for bacteria detection and discuss challenges and opportunities for future development.