Frequency and predictors of depression among the elderly population of Karachi.

Abstract

Depression among the elderly is falsely considered as a normal part of aging and hence remains un-diagnosed in the majority. Elderly people are at a high risk of depression, which may produce a negative impact on their quality of life. Depression is a potentially treatable condition; hence, it is worthwhile to explore its burden in order to ensure its timely evaluation and management. To determine the frequency and predictors of depression among the elderly population of Karachi. The current study was a cross-sectional study, conducted in out-patient clinics of a tertiary care hospital and its out-reach centers located in different areas of Karachi. Patients aged 60 years and above were enrolled in the study. Demographic profiles and physical health conditions were investigated. Depression was assessed using Geriatric Depression Scale-15. Data were entered in SPSS version 21 for statistical analysis. A total of 232 participants were enrolled into the study with a median age of 65.8 [inter-quartile range = 61-69] years. Out of 232 participants, 186 (80.2%) were found to be depressed. In the multi-variable model, employment status, financial issues, and peer groups were left as independent predictors of depression. The current study found a significant burden of depression among elderly people in Karachi. Employment status, financial problems, and relationship with peers have been identified as risk factors of depression. There might be over-reporting of depression as the data collection was conducted during the coronavirus disease 2019 first wave. Hence, further community-based research is warranted to confirm the findings.