Single-Molecule Electrical Currents Associated with Valinomycin Transport of K<sup></sup>.

Schmeltzer, Alexandra J; Harris, Joel M; White, Henry S · ACS Nano · 2023

basic_science · Level V

Where this comes from

Abstract

A quantitative description of ionophore-mediated ion transport is important in understanding ionophore activity in biological systems and developing ionophore applications. Herein, we describe the direct measurement of the electrical current resulting from K<sup>+</sup> transport mediated by <i>individual</i> valinomycin (<i>val</i>) ionophores. Step fluctuations in current measured across a 1,2-diphytanoyl-<i>sn</i>-glycero-3-phosphocholine (DPhPC) bilayer suspended over a ∼400 nm radius glass nanopore result from dynamic partitioning of <i>val</i> between the bilayer and torus region, effectively increasing or decreasing the total number of <i>val</i> present in the membrane. In our studies, approximately 30 <i>val</i> are present in the membrane on average with a <i>val</i> entering or leaving the bilayer approximately every 50 s, allowing measurement of changes in electrical current associated with individual <i>val</i>. The single-molecule <i>val</i>(K<sup>+</sup>) transport current at 0.1 V applied potential is (1.3 ± 0.6) × 10<sup>-15</sup> A, consistent with estimates of the transport kinetics based on large <i>val</i> ensembles. This methodology for analyzing single ionophore transport is general and can be applied to other carrier-type ionophores.