Diffusion-time dependent diffusion MRI: effect of diffusion-time on microstructural mapping and prediction of prognostic features in breast cancer.
prospective_cohort · Level II
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- Record sourced from PubMed, PMID 37071169.
- Also identified by DOI 10.1007/s00330-023-09623-y.
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Abstract
This study aimed to evaluate the effect of achievable t<sub>d</sub> on the accuracy of microstructural mapping based on simulation and patient experiments, and investigate the feasibility of t<sub>d</sub>-dMRI in distinguishing prognostic factors in breast cancer patients. Simulation was performed using different t<sub>d</sub> settings. Patients with breast cancer were enrolled prospectively between November 2020 and January 2021, who underwent oscillating and pulsed gradient encoded dMRI on a 3-T scanner using short-/long-t<sub>d</sub> protocol with oscillating frequency up to 50/33 Hz. Data were fitted with a two-compartment model to estimate cell diameter (d), intracellular fraction (f<sub>in</sub>), and diffusivities. Estimated microstructural markers were used to differentiate immunohistochemical receptor status and the presence of lymph node (LN), which were correlated with histopathological measurements. Simulation results showed that d fitted from the short-t<sub>d</sub> protocol significantly reduced estimation error than those from long-t<sub>d</sub> (2.07 ± 1.51% versus 3.05 ± 1.92%, p < 0.0001) while the estimation error of f<sub>in</sub> was robust to different protocols. Among a total of 37 breast cancer patients, the estimated d was significantly higher in HER2-positive and LN-positive (p < 0.05) groups compared to their negative counterparts only using the short-t<sub>d</sub> protocol. Histopathological validation in a subset of 6 patients with whole slide images showed the estimated d was highly correlated with measurements from H&E staining (r = 0.84, p = 0.03) only using the short-t<sub>d</sub> protocol. The results indicated the necessity of short-t<sub>d</sub> for accurate microstructural mapping in breast cancer. The current t<sub>d</sub>-dMRI with a total acquisition time of 4.5 min showed its potential in the diagnosis of breast cancer. • Short t<sub>d</sub> is important for accurate microstructural mapping in breast cancer using the t<sub>d</sub>-dMRI technique, based on simulation and histological validation. • The 4.5-min t<sub>d</sub>-dMRI protocol showed potential clinical value for breast cancer, given the difference in cell diameter between HER2/LN positive and negative groups.
Medical subject headings
- Breast Neoplasms