Pearls & Oy-sters: <i>CSF1R</i>-Related Leukoencephalopathy With Spinal Cord Lesions Mimicking Multiple Sclerosis.

Jain, Aarushi; Arena, Vito P; Steigerwald, Connolly; Borja, Maria J; Kister, Ilya; Abreu, Nicolas J · Neurology · 2023

case_report · Level V

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Abstract

<i>CSF1R</i>-related leukoencephalopathy is an autosomal dominant neurologic disorder causing microglial dysfunction with a wide range of neurologic complications, including motor dysfunction, dementia, and seizures. This case report highlights an unusual presentation of <i>CSF1R</i>-related leukoencephalopathy with radiographic spinal cord involvement initially diagnosed as multiple sclerosis. This case highlights the importance of considering adult-onset neurogenetic disorders in the setting of white matter disease. Genetic testing provides a confirmatory diagnosis for an expanding number of adult-onset leukoencephalopathies and informs therapeutic decision-making.

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