Correlating the charge-transfer gap to the maximum transition temperature in Bi<sub>2</sub>Sr<sub>2</sub>Ca<i><sub>n</sub></i><sub>-1</sub>Cu<i><sub>n</sub></i>O<sub>2</sub><i><sub>n</sub></i><sub>+4+δ</sub>.
basic_science · Level V
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- Also identified by DOI 10.1126/science.add3672.
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Abstract
As the number of CuO<sub>2</sub> layers, <i>n</i>, in each unit cell of a cuprate family increases, the maximum transition temperature (<i>T</i><sub>c,max</sub>) exhibits a universal bell-shaped curve with a peak at <i>n</i> = 3. The microscopic mechanism of this trend remains elusive. In this study, we used advanced electron microscopy to image the atomic structure of cuprates in the Bi<sub>2</sub>Sr<sub>2</sub>Ca<i><sub>n</sub></i><sub>-1</sub>Cu<i><sub>n</sub></i>O<sub>2</sub><i><sub>n</sub></i><sub>+4+δ</sub> family with 1 ≤ <i>n</i> ≤ 9; the evolution of the charge-transfer gap size (Δ) with <i>n</i> can be measured simultaneously. We determined that the <i>n</i> dependence of Δ follows an inverted bell-shaped curve with the minimum Δ value at <i>n</i> = 3. The correlation between Δ, <i>n</i>, and <i>T</i><sub>c,max</sub> may clarify the origin of superconductivity in cuprates.