Negative Pressure in Water for Efficient Heat Utilization and Transfer.
basic_science · Level V
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- Record sourced from PubMed, PMID 37459201.
- Also identified by DOI 10.1021/acs.nanolett.3c01855.
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Abstract
Thermodynamic metastable water in negative pressure provides a possible solution to elevate the upper limit of evaporative heat transfer capacity and the efficiency of low-grade heat utilization, but practical implementations are challenging due to the difficulty in generating and maintaining large negative pressure. Herein, we report a novel structure with a hydrogel film as the evaporation surface and a permeable substrate as the functional layer to suppress cavitation. Based on the structure, we achieve an evaporation-driven flow system with negative pressure as low as -1.67 MPa. Molecular dynamics simulations elucidate the importance of strong water-polymer interactions in negative pressure generation. With the large negative pressure, we demonstrate a streaming potential generator that spontaneously converts environmental energy into electricity and outputs a voltage of 1.06 V. Moreover, we propose a "negative pressure heat pipe", which achieves a high heat transfer density of 9.6 kW cm<sup>-2</sup> with a flow length of 1 m.