Vanadium Intercalation into Niobium Disulfide to Enhance the Catalytic Activity for Lithium-Sulfur Batteries.
basic_science · Level V
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- Record sourced from PubMed, PMID 37470340.
- Also identified by DOI 10.1021/acsnano.3c02634.
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Abstract
Despite their high specific energy and great promise for next-generation energy storage, lithium-sulfur (Li-S) batteries suffer from polysulfide shuttling, slow redox kinetics, and poor cyclability. Catalysts are needed to accelerate polysulfide conversion and suppress the shuttling effect. However, a lack of structure-activity relationships hinders the rational development of efficient catalysts. Herein, we studied the Nb-V-S system and proposed a V-intercalated NbS<sub>2</sub> (Nb<sub>3</sub>VS<sub>6</sub>) catalyst for high-efficiency Li-S batteries. Structural analysis and modeling revealed that undercoordinated sulfur anions of [VS<sub>6</sub>] octahedra on the surface of Nb<sub>3</sub>VS<sub>6</sub> may break the catalytic inertness of the basal planes, which are usually the primary exposed surfaces of many 2D layered disulfides. Using Nb<sub>3</sub>VS<sub>6</sub> as the catalyst, the resultant Li-S batteries delivered high capacities of 1541 mAh g<sup>-1</sup> at 0.1 C and 1037 mAh g<sup>-1</sup> at 2 C and could retain 73.2% of the initial capacity after 1000 cycles. Such an intercalation-induced high activity offers an alternative approach to building better Li-S catalysts.