In-fiber Bragg sensor measurements assess fluid effects on strain in the periodontal space of an ex-vivo swine incisor complex under mechanical loading.

Abstract

The purpose of this study is to determine whether in-fiber Bragg grating (FBG) sensors detect changes within the periodontal ligament (PDL) of ex-vivo swine tooth-PDL-bone complex (TPBC) when manipulating fluid content. Recording strain will allow for a better understanding of the biomechanics of viscoelastic load transfer from the tooth to the PDL during chewing and/or orthodontic tooth movement, as well as replication of these dynamics in regenerated PDL tissues. FBG sensors placed within the PDL of swine incisor teeth were used to measure strain resulting from an intrusive load. Specimens were mounted in a custom platform within an MTS machine and a compressive load was applied at 0.3 mm/s to a depth of 0.5 mm and held for 10 s. Median peak strain and load and median absolute deviation (MAD) were compared: dry vs. saline (n = 19) with bias-corrected bootstrap 95% CI. Dry vs. saline conditions did not statistically differ (median peaks of 5με, 103-105 N) and recorded strains showed high repeatability (MAD of 0.82με, 0.72με, respectively). FBG sensors did not detect the fluid changes in this study, suggesting that the deformation of tissues in the PDL space collectively determine FBG strain in response to tooth loading. The repeatability of measurements demonstrates the potential for FBG sensors to assess the strain in the PDL space of an in vivo swine model.