The Effects of Adenotonsillectomy for Obstructive Sleep Apnea on Growth Trajectory in Children With Obesity.

Abstract

To analyze the growth trajectory of children with obesity before and after adenotonsillectomy (T&A). We hypothesize that T&A will not affect the growth trajectory but children in a multidisciplinary weight management program (MWMP) will have a healthier growth trajectory. Retrospective review. Tertiary Children's Hospital. Body mass index (BMI) trajectories of nonsyndromic children with obesity and obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) who underwent T&A were analyzed. A linear mixed effects model was fit to the BMI expressed as a percentage of the 95th percentile (%BMI_p95 ) data. Covariates included demographic variables, pre- and postoperative participation in an MWMP, baseline obesity class, and time. We explored clinically meaningful interactions. BMI slope estimates before and after surgery were calculated and compared for baseline obesity classification and postoperative MWMP visits. A total of 177 patients, 58% male with a mean age of 9.7 years at the time of surgery, were studied. Higher baseline obesity class (II and III), time, the interaction between obesity class III and elapsed time relative to surgical date, and the interaction between obesity class III and the postsurgical period were all significantly associated with the outcome of %BMI_p95 (P < .05). There was a significantly higher %BMI_p95 trajectory following surgery in patients with baseline obesity class III who did not have any postoperative MWMP visits (P < .001). Preoperative obesity visits, however, were not significantly associated with postoperative growth. The association between T&A and weight trajectory depends upon obesity class and participation in a MWMP. Coordinated care of children with obesity between otolaryngologists and an MWMP may improve OSA and obesity outcomes. The level of evidence: 3.