Elucidating the active phases of CoO<sub>x</sub> films on Au(111) in the CO oxidation reaction.
basic_science · Level V
Where this comes from
- Record sourced from PubMed, PMID 37898599.
- Also identified by DOI 10.1038/s41467-023-42301-7 and PMC identifier 10613203.
- Licence recorded as CC BY.
- The licence permits redistribution, so the abstract is shown in full and the full text is available from the publisher.
Abstract
Noble metals supported on reducible oxides, like CoO<sub>x</sub> and TiO<sub>x</sub>, exhibit superior activity in many chemical reactions, but the origin of the increased activity is not well understood. To answer this question we studied thin films of CoO<sub>x</sub> supported on an Au(111) single crystal surface as a model for the CO oxidation reaction. We show that three reaction regimes exist in response to chemical and topographic restructuring of the CoO<sub>x</sub> catalyst as a function of reactant gas phase CO/O<sub>2</sub> stoichiometry and temperature. Under oxygen-lean conditions and moderate temperatures (≤150 °C), partially oxidized films (CoO<sub>x<1</sub>) containing Co<sup>0</sup> were found to be efficient catalysts. In contrast, stoichiometric CoO films containing only Co<sup>2+</sup> form carbonates in the presence of CO that poison the reaction below 300 °C. Under oxygen-rich conditions a more oxidized catalyst phase (CoO<sub>x>1</sub>) forms containing Co<sup>3+</sup> species that are effective in a wide temperature range. Resonant photoemission spectroscopy (ResPES) revealed the unique role of Co<sup>3+</sup> sites in catalyzing the CO oxidation. Density function theory (DFT) calculations provided deeper insights into the pathway and free energy barriers for the reactions on these oxide phases. These findings in this work highlight the versatility of catalysts and their evolution to form different active phases, both topological and chemically, in response to reaction conditions exposing a new paradigm in the catalyst structure during operation.