Exploration of Thermally Activated Delayed Fluorescence (TADF)-Based Photoredox Catalyst To Establish the Mechanisms of Action for Photodynamic Therapy.
basic_science · Level V
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- Record sourced from PubMed, PMID 38011322.
- Also identified by DOI 10.1021/acsnano.3c05106.
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Abstract
The mechanisms of action (MoA) have been proposed to further reduce the O<sub>2</sub> dependence of photodynamic therapy (PDT) significantly. However, the triplet states of traditional photosensitizers are relatively short and also are easily deactivated by the quenching of H<sub>2</sub>O or O<sub>2</sub>. This is not conducive for the electron transfer in the photocatalytic process and poses a great obstacle to establish the MoA. Therefore, we selected and synthesized a zirconium(IV) complex (Zr(<sup>Mes</sup>PDP<sup>Ph</sup>)<sub>2</sub>) reported by Milsmann to address this issue. The specific symmetric and intact geometry endowed Zr(<sup>Mes</sup>PDP<sup>Ph</sup>)<sub>2</sub> NPs with long-lived triplet excited state (τ = 350 μs), desired sensitized ability, and improved anti-interfering performance on O<sub>2</sub>, which was matched with the requirements of photoredox catalyst significantly. The results showed that while PDT (I) and PDT (II) could be achieved simultaneously by leveraging Zr(<sup>Mes</sup>PDP<sup>Ph</sup>)<sub>2</sub> NPs, it also could be served as a rare example of thermally activated delayed fluorescence (TADF)-based photoredox catalyst to implement the MoA of PDT. It involved the oxidation of NADH and the establishment of catalytic cycle collaborating by O<sub>2</sub> and cytochrome c (cyt <i>c</i>) in normoxia and hypoxia, respectively. As a result, the oxygen-free PDT and tumor-growth inhibition was realized.
Medical subject headings
- Photochemotherapy
- Neoplasms